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ear canals unseal: Lindell E. (2020). Developmental Stages of Puppies with Dr. Lindell. Clinician’s Brief. https://www.cliniciansbrief.com/article/developmental-stages-puppies 

born with hearing protection: Coren S. (2009). Why Are Puppies Born With Their Eyes and Ears Closed. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/canine-corner/200906/why-are-puppies-born-their-eyes-and-ears-closed

daily handling: Serpell J, Duffy DL, Jagoe JA. The Domestic Dog: Its Evolution, Behavior And Interactions With People. 4th ed., Cambridge University Press, 2015. 96-97.
See also: Howell T, King T, Bennett P. (2015). Puppy parties and beyond: the role of early age socialization practices on adult dog behavior. Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S62081

spontaneously eliminate: Serpell J, Duffy DL, Jagoe JA. The Domestic Dog: Its Evolution, Behavior And Interactions With People. 4th ed., Cambridge University Press, 2015. 97.
See also: Peterson ME, Kutzler MA. (2011). Care of the Orphaned Puppy and Kitten. Small Animal Pediatrics. Saunders. (2011). 67-72

three weeks of age: Serpell J, Duffy DL, Jagoe JA. The Domestic Dog: Its Evolution, Behavior And Interactions With People. 4th ed., Cambridge University Press, 2015. 96-97.
See also: Howell T, King T, Bennett P. (2015). Puppy parties and beyond: the role of early age socialization practices on adult dog behavior. Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S62081